Robert Baden-Powell

Robert Baden-Powell (1857–1941) was a British army officer and the founder of the Scout movement. The son of an Oxford professor, he served in India and Africa, wrote a manual of military scouting and became a national hero for his defense of Mafeking in the siege of 1899 and 1900. Finding that boys read his army manual, he ran a camp on Brownsea Island in 1907 and the following year published Scouting for Boys, which launched a movement that spread worldwide within a few years; with his sister Agnes he founded the Girl Guides in 1910. He was made a baron in 1929 and spent his last years in Kenya.